Upsc notes : notes

“Every law is an infraction of liberty.” ~ Jeremy Bentham Jeremy Bentham’s quote succinctly captures the tension between laws and individual freedom.

Long story short Harappan Civilisation Craft Production Harappan Civilisation Harappan seals are very distinctive.

Introduction The holding of free and fair elections is the sine-qua-non of democracy.

Long story short The Judiciary The Judiciary Supreme Court Article 124 deals with the Establishment and Constitution of the Supreme Court.

“Side by side with physical capital formation, human resource development has also been playing a useful role in economic development.

Demographic transition Demographic transition is a phenomenon and theory which refers to the historical shift from high birth rates and high death rates in societies with minimal technology, education (especially of women) and economic development, to low birth rates and low death rates in societies with advanced technology, education and economic development.

The development of infrastructure is a sine qua non of economic development.

Resources are generally defined as all those things available in man’s physical environment on which he depends for the satisfaction of some want or the other.

Long story short The State Executive Union State Relations The State Executive Article 153 stipulates that there shall be a Governor for each State.

Long story short Union Executive Union Legislature Union Executive Part V (The Union) under Chapter I (The Executive)

Long story short Historical underpinnings Salient features Making of the Constitution The Preamble Union and its territories Citizenship Fundamental rights Directive principles Fundamental Duties Historical underpinnings The historical underpinnings of the Indian Constitution can be traced back to several sources, including the country’s ancient legal and political traditions, as well as more recent constitutional developments in British India and other countries.

Chapter 1: Introduction to Constitution and Significance What is a Constitution?

Colonialism refers to a system of political and social relations between two countries, of which one is the ruler and the other is its colony.

Long story short Early Man Man takes to City Life Life in the Vedic Age Rise of the Kingdom of Magadha Buddhism and Jainism The Mauryan Empire India after the Mauryas The age of the Guptas The age of smaller kingdoms India and the World Early Man Man as a nomad History gives us knowledge of the past.

Ronald A Shearer stated, “The literature of social sciences is a testimony to the errors: unnecessary confusions and prolonged debates which can result from an ambiguity on the level of basic conceptualization”

Every economy needs to increase output to grow. And to produce more, more demand is required.